Taking a Look at Government Shutdowns - 1427 Words

A government shutdown can be a scary and traumatic event, but how worried should America really be? What causes a shutdown to happen? Under the Constitution, Congress must pass laws to spend money. If Congress cannot agree on a spending bill –or the president vetoes it- the government does not have the legal authority to spend money. Therefore, the House and Senate must agree on a law to pass one. If they cannot agree, they will briefly shutdown the government until they come to resolution. Any shutdown would begin when the fiscal year ends (12 month period, starting October 1 and ending September 30) and it would end immediately after the president signs a spending bill. Most government shutdowns last no more than three days. Some last less than a day but the longest was 21 days, from December 16, 1995, through January 5, 1996. From 19 76 to present, there have been 17 shutdowns according to the Congressional Research Service. However, there are no recorded shutdowns before 1976. In a government shutdown, only â€Å"non-essential† functions of the federal government close down, while all â€Å"essential† functions of the government remain operating. Generally, all government functions that ensure safety and protect property remain open and in operationShow MoreRelatedProcurement Trends of 2014 Essay932 Words   |  4 Pages2014 is another business year to look forward to. Like any fiscal year, the coming year gives businesses another chance at growth and perhaps, expansion. Although some economic setbacks happened in 2013, it should not deter entrepreneurs to make best of the coming year. Some procurement trends are also expected to continue from the previous year. Procurement trends will likely be the same except for new additions resulting from those incidents that happened within 2013. Forecasting trends is necessaryRead MoreObama Care: Ted Cruz Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesTed Cruz is a junior Republican Senator form the state of Texas, since 2013; taking office on January 3rd, 2013. Before he would become senator he would be working for a private law firm representing corporate clients (Eckholm, 2012). He would go on to run for Senator in the state of Texas and win, which the â€Å"Washington Post† would call his win the biggest upset of the 2012 elections. Coming form a very republican state such a Texas means that his stance on issue would be very involved with thatRead MoreTrucking in the United States1022 Words   |  5 PagesJacob Baker ECON 210 Microeconomics Economics Research Paper Abstract: This paper will look at the work market for truck drivers in the United States. The effects of a shortage and/or surplus of drivers and how the work market effects the countrys economy, and the workers way of life will be broken down. This paper will look at how adding more jobs to this career also effects the supply and demand of goods, problems of finding qualified workers, and the chances ofRead MoreHyperinflation in Zimbabwe1472 Words   |  6 Pagestowards the Zimbabwean government, taking a look at the way they have chosen to respond to this constantly increasing problem. The government will agree that this economic condition has been caused by their decision made way back in 2000 to print excess money and they continue to do so time after time, which has eventually resulted into depreciation of the currency. Also, the implementation of price controls causing a shortage in the supply of goods is another fact that the government cannot deny. HoweverRead MoreDonald Tru mp : Attack On Muslims848 Words   |  4 PagesAttack on Muslims Donald Trump, the leading contender to become the Republican party’s nominee for US presidential candidate, has called for a â€Å"total and complete shutdown† of the country’s borders to Muslims in the wake of the San Bernardino terrorist attack. On December, 2015, Republican frontrunner Trump demanded a: Total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States until our country’s representatives can figure out what is going on. Until we are able to determine and understand thisRead MoreThe United States Legislative Branch Of Government2081 Words   |  9 PagesThe United States legislative branch of government is best described as ‘bicameral’ meaning â€Å"of two houses† where two governing bodies separately but functionally unitedly oversee the law-making duties of the country. The two houses of the legislative branch are the Senate and the House of Representatives which both have distinct but crucial duties regarding key decisions affecting anywhere from individual districts to the United States as a collective entity. Members of the House of RepresentativesRead MoreOperation FEMA Camps Essay907 Words   |  4 PagesObama Care to help people with healthcare, but in fact forced the government to shut down and eliminate food share to help pay for the Obama care. Due to the fact that many people rely on the government’s food share to help them survive, thousands of people were declined from Obama care and therefore had no healthcare and no food to help them survive. The Government shutdown is the beginning of Homeland security’s â€Å"ENDGAME† plan of taking away citizens’ rights and starting the martial law to have theRead MoreToo Many Unemployed People803 Words   |  3 Pagesworker who has been without a job for almost a year. He and his family depend on unemployment benefits from the federal government; in addition the federal government decides who get benefits and who doesn’t. When he goes to collect his unemployment benefits he is denied and becomes puzzled and angry as to why he could not collect his benefits. Michael feels that the federal government is doing nothing to help struggling Americans, and politicians have ran away from their responsibilities to their constituentsRead M oreHr Managment Problems in Air India1553 Words   |  7 Pagesthat this issues has been almost deliberately ignored, with nobody in senior management or government taking responsibility. With no strategy of its own, the report says the government now has no option but accept the proposals of the Justice Dharmadhikari report, whose recommendations are yet to be made public.The outcomes will meet with a mixed response from the unions and more strikes are likely. The government, it says, seems to be preparing to adopt a firm stance, limiting discussions with the unionsRead More2016 Presidential Race Picking Up1213 Words   |  5 Pagesfund managers widely. Additionally, private equity firms are being scrutinized for taking investors’ money regardless of whether or not they allocate the capital into deals. These two major issues from both the public and private sector will very likely disrupt the norms and traditions that the private equity industry has held for some time now; so the only question is â€Å"what will the future of private equity look like?† †¢ Barack Obama is renewing the carried interest tax fight with support from

Essay on Promote Person-Centred Approaches in Health and...

Explain how and why person-centred values must influence all aspects of health and social care work There is no doubt that person-centred care values must influence all aspects of health and social care work. Health and social care should be based on person-centred values, and should be individualised as this is a law requirement (Human Rights Act 1998, Health and Social care Act 2012, Codes of practice for Social Care Workers, etc). If person-centre values that underpin all work in the health and social care sector are followed as they should be then all individuals should feel that and health and social workers ensure that: †¢ the individual is supported in accessing their rights †¢ the individual is treated has an individual †¢ the†¦show more content†¦Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established Consent should be obtained before carrying out any form of care or activity with any individual; if consent cannot be obtained then any form of care etc should not be carried out. If consent cannot be readily established and patient presents in an emergency situation, is unconscious, mentally incapable, and with no family available, and no advanced directive in place, it is considered reasonable to treat the patient. It is assumed that under these conditions, the patient would consent to treat. If there is a language barrier, and the patient is otherwise capable of giving consent, a reasonable effort must be made to find an interpreter, which includes using the ones through the phone companies. If the patients life is in danger, and there is nobody who can communicate with them, then with careful documentation, treatment can be delivered. Describe different ways of applying active participation to meet individuals needs You can implement active participation for an activity with an individual by following these steps: †¢ Break the task into small parts and let the individual do whatever they can, for example, if you load the washing machine you can guide them to select the right programme and switch it on. †¢ Dont overwhelm the individual with information while they are concentrating. Keep disturbance to a minimum, such as background noise orShow MoreRelatedPromote the Application of Person Centred Approaches in Health and Social Care1303 Words   |  6 PagesSurrey Vocational Training Centre PERFORMANCE EVIDENCE RECORD Candidate Name: Unit Titles: Promote the application of person centred approaches in health and social care Evidence ref(s): Unit number(s): 4223-305 Evidence ref(s): Unit number(s): 4223-305 Use this form to record details of activities (tick as appropriate) * observed by your assessor * seen by expert witness * seen by witness ââ€"â„¢ Candidate / reflective account * case study Date of Activity:Read MoreUnit 4222-207 Implement Person Centred Approaches in Health and Social Care (Hsc 026)801 Words   |  4 Pages4222-207 Implement person centred approaches in health and social care (HSC 026) Outcome 1 Understand person centred approaches for care and support 1) Define person-centred values Treating people as individuals Making sure people have their privacy Making sure people have access to their rights Treating people with dignity and respect Supporting people to be as independent as possible 2) Explain why it is important to work in a way that embeds person centred values TakingRead MoreUNIT 21340 Words   |  5 Pages2 PRINCIPLES OF DIGNITY IN ADULT HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE PRACTICE BY MARIE BROWN 1.1 EXPLAIN THE PRINCIPLES OF DIGNITY IN ADULT HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE Dignity must be at the centre of everything we do if we are to achieve high quality person centred care and support, dignity focuses on the value of every person as an individual it means respecting others views, choices and decisions, not making assumptions about how people want to be treated and working with care and compassion. The principles focusRead MoreAssignment 207 Understand person centred approaches in adult social care settings1508 Words   |  7 Pages Assignment 207 Understand person centred approaches in adult social care settings Task A Information leaflet Create an information leaflet about person-centred care, aimed at individuals who use the service and their families. The leaflet must include: Ai A definition of person-centred values Person centred values are treating people as individuals, supporting their choices, treating them with dignity and respect, working in partnership with people rather than trying to control them. AiiRead MoreEssay on Unit LD 205 Principles Of Positive Risk725 Words   |  3 Pageswith disabilities 1.1- identify aspects of everyday life in which risk plays a part Risk Taking: individual; social; organisational; environmental 1.2- identify aspects of everyday life in which, traditionally, individuals with disabilities were not encouraged to take risks Traditional lack of encouragement: risks in everyday life; traditional roles and activities; carer controls; health and safety, compensation culture. 1.3- outline the consequences for individuals with disabilities of beingRead MoreImplement Person Centred Approaches in Health and Social Care1394 Words   |  6 PagesUnit 4222-207 Implement person centred approaches in health and social care 1.1 Person centred values are guides on how individuals are treated. These values are: * Dignity- supporting individuals to maintain emotional control and supporting individuals with sensitive situations. * Respect- recognising an individual’s sense of worth and importance to others. * Privacy- making sure individuals rights is maintained. * Individuality- recognising an individual as an individual. Read MoreUnit 207 Understand Person Centred Approaches Essays2506 Words   |  11 Pages Understand person centred approaches in adult social care settings. Outcome 1 Understand person centred approaches for care and support. 1.1 Define Person centred values. Person centred values means the people whom we support are treated as equals and are involved in all aspects and areas of their care and that they are respected and valued as individuals. This means being involved in their assessments, care delivery and support planning, basically person centred values is making sureRead MorePreferences, Preferences, Wishess And Needs1251 Words   |  6 Pages2. Be able to lead a person-centred practice 2.1 Support others to work with individuals to establish their history, preferences, wishes and needs Individuals should be as involved as much as possible in the decision making process regarding the organisations and disciplines they require to ensure that the contributions to their care package are appropriate and required. If everyone works from the same information and the individuals needs and preferences are at the centre of the information allRead MorePerson Centred Care : Report For The Nsw Minister For Health Essay1901 Words   |  8 PagesPerson-Centred Care: Report for the NSW Minister for Health INTRODUCTION Australians continue to experience health comparable to those of other developed countries. According to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW] (2016) the life expectancy of Australians at birth remains one of the highest in the world. Furthermore, death rates are decreasing and survival rates are improving for many major health issues such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases (AIHW, 2016). Yet, the AustralianRead MoreLevel 3 Diploma In Health And Social Care Docx Assignment Brief1808 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Level 3 Diploma in Health and Social Care (Adults) for England (QCF) All Mandatory Units Knowledge and Performance Criteria Unit 1: Promote Communication in Health, Social Care or Children’s and Young People’s Settings Unit code: SHC 31 1.1 Identify the different reasons people communicate 1.2 Explain how communication affects relationships in the work setting 2.1 Demonstrate how to establish the communication and language needs, wishes and preferences of individuals 2.2 Describe

Corporate Law for Ethics and Governance - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCorporate Law for Ethics,Governance Accountability. Answer: Introduction Malaysia was also aware of corruption in the headlines, but not in recent years. Lately, on the contrary, Malaysia has been very well stopped in all international measures of corruption ... or absence of it. Why this good rating? Among the decisive factors we can highlight our traditional administrative system, a typical bureaucracy based on the rule of law; the political system of consensus, which emphasizes the solution of common problems; freedom of speech and our active press; open and transparent administration; a sensitive civil society, and the exceptionally strong Nordic egalitarian tradition (Bainbridge and Bainbridge, n.d.). Therefore, the fight against corruption must be an inescapable part of the ethical commitment of any company. Not doing so is denying the business concept itself. Gap between perception of good corporate governance and the reality of corrupt practices There is a very big difference between the perception in good corporate governance and the reality of the corrupt practices in Malaysia. Although, Malaysian Code Of Corporate Governance(MCCG) was established, it is clear that the rankings in transparency index in Malaysia is becoming lower each year. This is partly because MCCG cannot be used for prosecution, further, it should be noted that a good act will not necessarily translate into entrenching punitive measures for corruption in Malaysia. A good example is the Bumitora Bank heist. This was a good example where directors of a company and other actors collude and defraud the company. In Bumi, business man George Tan was found culpable and handed maximum sentence after his Carrian Group of companies collapsed in what is the biggest bankruptcy case in Malysia yet. The case led to the murder of Jalil Ibrahim, a bank assistant manager who was investigating the case. This was a successful case. However, another case wher MCCG have fai led is the 1MDB. the main actors in this case were Low Jho Tek and the then Malaysian PM Najib Razak. Due to the political correctness of the actors no prosecution or convictions have been done so far. The reality is there is a gap between good corporate governance and the corruption witnessed in Malaysia. Major corruption scandals have rocked Malaysia entangling bank officials and government official in equal measure. The Government of former Prime Ministers were involved in big corruption scandals that almost rocked the country to its knees. The reality is, although most of the bank scandals have been unearthed most of the officials have not been jailed or prosecuted (Roth and Kindler, 2013). This has shown that without goodwill, MCCG largely remain good policies and that is why there is a perception gap between good governance and actual corruption witnessed(Bainbridge and Bainbridge, n.d.). At the legislative level, Malaysia has made a profound progress in this area following the ratification in January 2000 of the OECD Convention on the Fight against Corruption of Foreign Public Officials of 1999, which urges member countries to make important changes in their legislation (De llaportas, 2005). Although the Convention focuses on corruption abroad, the measures proposed and their recommendations are equally valid to prevent internal corruption. In Malaysia, the implementation of the OECD Convention has entailed important legislative changes, including at least two important aspects in the fight against corruption: The introduction in 2010 of the criminal responsibility of the legal person, and of the prevention and compliance programs as elements of criminal exoneration in the year 2015, has been a shock to companies to face the risk of corruption in a preventive way. The reforms implemented, also in 2010, both in the Criminal Code and in the Law on Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing, require financial operators to exercise greater control over illegal money transactions arising from criminal activities such as corruption or tax evasion (Fundamentals of ethics, corporate governance and business law, 2012). In this context of change, how can the company fight against corruption? For the implementation of an ethical model of prevention and control of corruption, companies have a great model in the OECD Guide to Good Practices, which incorporates the recommendations made by the Working Group on Corruption under the Convention (WIELAND, 2016). Measures in Corporate governance Again, although recommendations are foreseen for corruption in international transactions, the guide is perfectly effective in preventing corruption in all areas in the US, the UK and even Australia. There are various remedies that have been put in place to ensure that there is effective corporate governance in Malaysis just like other countries that share the same MCCG policies in the country. Board of governance in companies should put a raft of measures that help to instill good ethics in the company and in the employees. A company should have clearly defined vision and mission statement that help it in operationalization of functions and reducing fraud. MCCG, should ensure that the companys structures are clearly defined and understand the key principles of corporate governance(Boros and Duns, 2013).. Attending continuous development programs to ensure that the MCCGs are updated and are upto par with the current corporate governance trend. MCCG is not merely a comploiance issue but an application issue. In summary, the measures that a committed company should apply involve the following behaviors:The support of the highest levels of the organization of internal control measu res and ethical commitment in the fight against corruption.The responsibility for the control and monitoring of anti-corruption measures should fall on autonomous personnel and bodies, with sufficient resources and with the power to inform the audit committees of the Board of Directors or the supervisory boards.Clear and defined ethical policies for your employees and executives on gifts, accommodation and leisure expenses, customer travel, political contributions, donations to organizations and sponsorships, and facilitation payments (WIELAND, 2016). In the united State, It should provide guidance and advice to its employees and managers, especially in difficult situations or doubts about ethical behavior (Boros and Duns, 2013). We have a set of practices of transparency, ethics, corporate governance, internal control and risks that ensure that we have a solid and sustainable Corporate Governance model that generates confidence for all our stakeholders and ensures the sustainability of companies' businesses in all the countries where we have presence. Throughout our history, we have sought to cement decision-making in sound ethical principles and transparency, and culture in a system of institutional values that are reflected in our action, generating coherence between those who think, say and do. All the companies in all the countries in which has a presence have a unique model of Corporate Governance, which makes it possible to apply the principles and policies so that we can (Dorresteijn and Dorresteijn, 2009): Suggest remedies that may further help improve and strengthen the corporate governance initiatives in Malaysia Have strong systems of risk management, internal control, financial, accounting and administration and process management.Ensuring that the benefits to our interest groups derived from financial results are fundamental premise the generation of value Businesses are not corrupt. Corrupted are the people who run businesses. Based on this statement I can indicate that a company is the long shadow of its managers. For this reason, I will point out that the creator and determinant of corporate corruption is at the apex of the organization (whether by its decisions or its omissions). The hallmark of top management, said Peter Drucker, lies in the emphasis, strength and insistence on integrity and high standards of conduct and justice that the top management of its employees demands and commands. A country, a company and an organization depend, to a great extent, on the mood of their managers. If those who have earned the right to lead do not reflect integrity, coherence and credibility in their actions and words, others will see corruption as a cultural matter, typical of the expression that says everyone does so in this place (Anis Yusal Yusoff., n.d.). The 3 elements that configure corruption in companies (according to Medtronic): 1. Personal desire for economic and professional gain All, legitimately, aspire to a better life from a material and professional point of view. The problem is, therefore, in the fact of wanting to achieve our objectives through shortcuts and using fast paths. We forget that success goes hand in hand with sustained and careful work. The other problem is in the type of society in which we live. It is a society that presses us all the time towards consumerism and ostentation (Siddiquee, 2013). 3. The rationalizations performed by the person before making the decision Before making the corrupt decision, comes the determinant element of the corruption: the rationalizations or justifications of the conduct. It consists of saying to ourselves or to accomplices the following expressions: "everyone does, my salary is unfair, nobody will notice, this is like taking a cat's hair, it's not illegal, I do not do this to him bad to anyone, violating this rule I'm not stealing a weight, I deser ve it, I'll do it only once and now (Siddiquee, 2013). Recommendations from examples of more successful corporate governance implementations from other countries with similar legal system as Malaysia such as the UK, Australia and even the USA In the United States, the example of Rupert Murdoch Ponzi scheme is best illustrated. He had defrauded the public more than $65 billion in a span of 20 years. The profits of the company proved to be too good, however, due to good corporate governance structures he was arrested and is serving a life sentence in prison. Encouraging corporate whistle blowing is also an effective way of to encourage and improve corporate governance initiatives(WIELAND, 2016).. In the UK, major bank heists have been unearthed due to whistle blowing that helped save billion especially in top banks like Barclays bank. This does not mean that economic incentives should be eliminated, but their existence and bestowal demand care especially in the US with companies such as IBM, Dell and Wal-Mart having good corporate governance (Siddiquee, 2013). Ethics programs in corruption should be applicable to third parties as agents, intermediaries, consultants, distributors, contractors, suppliers .The company's financial and accounting procedures should include adequate internal controls to ensure the accuracy of books and accounts so that they cannot be used to conceal corrupt payments.Periodic communication and documented training should be ensured at all levels of the company on prevention measures and code of ethics.It should be encouraged through positive aid policies for compliance with prevention program.The company must have appropriate disciplinary procedures to sanction non-compliance with anti-corruption policies. More examples come from Enron USA where the whole company came tumbling down due to fraud and corruption., the us corporate governance came up with measures that will reduce corporate theft and missapropriation of shareholders fund. In Australia and UK firms such as BP were found to be guilty of unethical behaviors especially when oil was spilt in the gulf of mexico and the company had to take responsibility. The recommendation is that a lot of decisions had to be made affected the head of the companys and they must bear the greatest responsibilities. Conclusion For MCCGs to work, good corporate governance should be laid into practice. Malaysia has good systems but the implementation is wanting. The best remedy is to strengthen good governance and help board to inculcate integrity in the systems. The behavior of people is shaped by law, morality and culture. These three factors, the makers of personal decisions, limit or encourage people to act in one way or another. For this reason, several commitments by governments, managers and universities are essential to reduce corruption The business world is a field of objectives and results and, also, principles. Businesses are not corrupt. Corrupted are the people who run businesses. Based on this statement I can indicate that a company is the long shadow of its managers. For this reason, I will point out that the creator and determinant of corporate corruption is at the apex of the organization (whether by its decisions or its omissions (Siddiquee, 2013). References Anis Yusal Yusoff. (n.d.). Combatting corruption. Bainbridge, S. and Bainbridge, S. (n.d.). Corporate law. .Boros, E. and Duns, J. (2013). Corporate Law. Melbourne: OUPANZ. Cilliers, H. (2000). Corporate law. Durban: Butterworths. Dellaportas, S. (2005). Ethics, governance accountability. Milton (Qld.): J. Wiley Sons Australia. Dorresteijn, A. and Dorresteijn, A. (2009). European corporate law. Alphen Aan Den Rijn: Kluwer Law International. Fundamentals of ethics, corporate governance and business law. (2012). Oxford: CIMA Pub. Roth, G. and Kindler, P. (2013). The spirit of corporate law. Oxford, United Kingdom: Hart. Shelar, N. (2016). Corporate law. [Place of publication not identified]: I K International Publish. Siddiquee, N. (2013). Public management and governance in Malaysia. London: Routledge. WIELAND, J. (2016). GOVERNANCE ETHICS. [Place of publication not identified]: SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PU.

The journey is more important than the arrival free essay sample

A journey, in simple terms is the act of travelling from one place to another. A journey is an event of everyday life. Children journey through childhood, high school students journey through acne and adolescence and adults usually journey through parenthood. So it’s clear to assume that journeys come in many shapes and sizes. This makes them more important than the destination because goals are shared and sought after by all people but the process to achieve those goals are what determine the sweetness of attaining the goal itself. Poems such as â€Å"the road not taken† and â€Å"crossing the Red Sea† and books like â€Å"1984† by George Orwell aren’t so heavily focussed on the outcome as they are on the journeys themselves. A Journey is more important than the arrival because ‘crossing the red sea’ is a journey through and through that doesn’t climax. This is a poem about displaced refugees crossing the red sea to find a new home. We will write a custom essay sample on The journey is more important than the arrival or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The voyage itself is a source of alleviation from emotional seclusion, as shown in the metaphors â€Å"Voices left their caves, Silence fell from its shackles,† creating a tentative mood of hope and showing how the migrants are emotionally opening up. This sense of optimism is reinforced in the Biblical allusion to resurrection in â€Å"Another Lazarus†¦who was saying a prayer in thanksgiving,† this proves that this is a journey comprised of hope. As the travellers journey through their past and into their future they cling onto hope that they will find fortune in another land. Journeys are also more important than the destination because of the experiences and lessons learnt on the journeys themselves. When a group of friends embark on a road trip to a destination, they tend to enjoy the experience with friends and the allure of freedom from responsibility and when they reach their destination, they plan another trip because the trip itself was exhilarating. Experiences are also a core element of journeys. For e. g. the quote from TRNK, â€Å"then took the other, as just as fair, and having perhaps the better claim because it was grassy and wanted wear† with the use of personification when the grass ‘wanted wear’, the traveller makes a choice and moves along then only to regret it when he says â€Å"I doubted if Iwere to ever come back†. This reveals that the traveller experienced regret and ‘sighs’ that his journey led him to this disappointed climax. Henceforth it shows that arrivals are constantly being altered and manipulated by shifting journeys. ‘1984’ is a novel written by George Orwell and it shows that journeys are an in tricate part of life and are formed by self realizations and self assessments. Winston, the protagonist in the book is a government worker who lives within a Soviet version of dystopian Britain in post WW2. In the beginning he barely questions the socio-political system that he lives in but as the book progresses, he goes on a spiritual journey that leads him to eventually loathe the established order and rebel. This life-changing event leads to his kidnapping and unfortunate brainwashing. He then goes say â€Å"O, stubborn, self willed exile from the loving heart† â€Å"Two gin-scented tears trickled down his nose, but it was all right, everything was all right, the struggle was finished . He had won the victory over himself. He loved Big Brother†. This anticlimactic ending shows that although the ending wasn’t ideal, the journey was portrayed as a symbol of hope against government repression and the torch Winston carried through his journey only faded at the very end. As important as reaching a goal or destination is, it is the journey itself with all of its upswings and downswings that make the outcome seem satisfactory and worth the turmoil and effort for. Journeys are more important because they provide self-reflection and teach lessons to individuals who use these as guidelines on their next journey and try to make it a smoother path.

Lapses and Collapses

Lapses and Collapses Lapses and Collapses Lapses and Collapses By Mark Nichol This post lists and defines lapse and its family of related words that pertain to a passage of time or to falling. The words discussed below all derive ultimately from the Latin verb labi, meaning â€Å"fall,† â€Å"sink,† and â€Å"slip,† in addition to other related actions, by way of lapsus, meaning â€Å"falling† or â€Å"slipping† (figuratively or literally) or â€Å"passage of time† (from the sense of â€Å"gliding†). Lapse, as a verb, originally pertained merely to that last sense, but it later applied as well to something becoming invalid or void and acquired the additional meanings of â€Å"commit a sin† or â€Å"fail to retain religious faith.† As a noun, lapse means â€Å"decline† or â€Å"fall,† or â€Å"interval,† â€Å"interruption,† or â€Å"termination,† or it may refer to a mistake due to forgetfulness or inattention, or to abandoning one’s faith. The adjectival form is lapsed; the adjective labile once meant â€Å"prone to fail or fall,† but now it pertains to instability or propensity to change. (The adjective labial and other words pertaining to lips are unrelated.) Labefaction, meanwhile, is a rarely used word meaning â€Å"downfall† or â€Å"overthrow† in the sense of a weakening of civil order or moral principles. When time goes by, it is said to elapse. That word was at one time also a noun, but lapse has superseded it. In theology, several words with the root lapsarian pertain to various beliefs about the biblical account of the fall of humankind as told in the story of the Garden of Eden: postlapsarian (â€Å"after the fall†), prelapsarian (â€Å"before the fall†), sublapsarian (â€Å"under the fall,† which is also the translation of the synonym infralapsarian), and superlapsarian (â€Å"above the fall†). The verb collapse (literally, â€Å"fall together†) means â€Å"fall† or â€Å"fall apart,† â€Å"break down† or â€Å"lose effectiveness or significance,† or â€Å"fold down† or â€Å"give way† and as a noun refers to any of these actions. Something that can be collapsed, generally limited to the sense of â€Å"fold down,† is collapsible, and that quality is called collapsibility. When a body part falls or slips, it is said to prolapse (â€Å"fall forward†), and such an occurrence is a prolapse. A relapse (â€Å"fall again†), meanwhile, is an instance in which symptoms of a disease that had abated recur, and the word also serves as a verb. Lava is an unexpected cognate; the word describing magma, or molten rock, after it has surfaced from underground (in its molten state or after it has cooled and hardened) stems from lapsus by way of Italian. The adjective lavalike refers to something resembling the molten state. Lapidary, referring to cutting of gems and stones, is an unrelated word derived from lapis, the Latin word for â€Å"stone.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to use "on" and when to use "in"Hang, Hung, Hanged13 Theatrical Terms in Popular Usage

The Idea of Nature and its Essence

The Idea of Nature and its Essence The idea of nature is one of the most widely employed in philosophy and by the same token one of the most ill-defined. Authors such as Aristotle and Descartes relied on the concept of nature to explain the fundamental tenets of their views, without ever attempting to define the concept. Even in contemporary philosophy, the idea is oftentimes employed, in different forms. So, what is nature? Nature and the Essence of a Thing The philosophical tradition that traces back to Aristotle employs the idea of nature to explain that which defines the essence of a thing. One of the most fundamental metaphysical concepts, the essence indicates those properties that define what a thing is. The essence of water, for instance, will be its molecular structure, the essence of a species, its ancestral history; the essence of a human, its self-consciousness or its soul. Within the Aristotelian traditions, hence, to act in accordance with nature means to take into account the real definition of each thing when dealing with it. The Natural World At times the idea of nature is instead used to refer to anything that exists in the universe as part of the physical world. In this sense, the idea embraces anything that falls under the study of the natural sciences, from physics to biology to environmental studies. Natural vs. Artificial Natural is often used also to refer to a process which occurs spontaneously as opposed to one that occurs as the result of the deliberation of a being. Thus, a plant grows naturally when its growth was not planned by a rational agent; it grows otherwise artificially. An apple would hence be an artificial product, under this understanding of the idea of nature, although most would agree that an apple is a product of nature (that is, a part of the natural world, that which is studied by natural scientists). Nature vs. Nurture Related to the spontaneity vs. artificiality divide is the idea of nature as opposed to nurture. The idea of culture becomes here central to draw the line. That which is natural as opposed to that which is the outcome of a cultural process. Education is a central example of a non-natural process: under many accounts, education is seen as a process against nature. Clearly enough, from this perspective there are some items that cannot ever be purely natural: any human development is shaped by the activity, or lack thereof, of interaction with other human beings; there is no such thing as a natural development of human language, for instance. Nature as Wilderness The idea of nature is at times used to express the wilderness. Wilderness lives at the edge of civilization, of any cultural processes. In the strictest reading of the term, humans can encounter wilderness in very few selected places on earth nowadays, those were the influence of human societies is negligible; if you include the environmental impact produced by humans on the whole ecosystem, there may well be no wild place left on our planet. If the idea of wilderness is loosened a bit, then even through a walk in a forest or a trip on the ocean one may experience that which is wild, i.e. natural. Nature and God Finally, an entry on nature cannot omit that which perhaps has been the most widely employed understanding of the term in past millennia: nature as the expression of the divine. The idea of nature is central in most religions. It has taken numerous forms, from specific entities or processes (a mountain, the sun, the ocean, or fire) to embracing the whole realm of existents. Further Online Readings The entry on Laws of Nature at the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.The entry on Aristotle’s Natural Philosophy at the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

Public's Trust on Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Public's Trust on Government - Essay Example The trust, as well as support of the citizens is very crucial in creating a strong and successful government. The following paragraphs will talk about a few reasons that would offer the individuals the basis in making sensible decisions in terms of giving their trust or not. Reasons for trusting the Government The first reason that proves a government is dependable is when it carries out its tasks appropriately. One of the key responsibilities is to concentrate on the requirements of its citizens. The most apparent among these are essential human requirements that are important for the people to lead a respectable life. Besides, the government must also recognize how to defend its citizens as well as its terrain from interior and exterior dangers like local rebellions and violence. The second reason is the notion of answerability. Public representatives should be liable to the activities of this political mechanism. With regard to this, they should as well be held accountable to the body that confers their power, which is the public. This is most pertinent in democratic governments in which the citizens cast their vote for their government officials. A government who is responsible makes it an aim to meet the satisfactory paradigm for excellent governance (Kennedy, 2009). Third, the government must permit the involvement of other stakeholders in their executive procedure. A dependable government should not just make preferences by themselves; they should obtain the input of other individuals who are as well concern with the result of what these choices might carry. These stakeholders should incorporate different regions from the society like non-governmental associations and even simple citizens of a nation. Fourth, a government have to practice transparency in its set of laws, policy, and decisions. The government must provide the public the essential information regarding key issues as well as strategies in the government. This would help the citizens to make intelligent decisions concerning their dealings particularly the ones associated with the constancy of their state. Fifth, a government that is worthy of the people's trust has the interests of its citizens in mind and this is significantly observed in the requisition of their budget. The government should truthfully use the taxpayer’s money by reliable ventures and programs that are free of dishonesty and irregularity (Nyre et al, 1997). Reasons for not trusting the Government In contrast, there are also reasons to distrust the government. First, the government is making bad strategies that are merely for the advantage of a small number of citizens particularly if it is the vested interest of those who are in authority. The government has no sense of accountability mainly in time of catastrophe. This is apparent, as they tend to hold one another responsible particularly if something incorrect took place. Second, huge corruption is taking place within the government. Citizen s' insights of corruption are rooted in general approach towards government, and that, as a result, these subjective signs may be only assessing the government's image, and not its real performance. Many of the commonly applied corruption signs are of a subjective nature. They mostly do not depend on a practical foundation, and leave significant independence to respondents whether to think about certain features. This generates issues of comparability, and calls respondents to widen their standpoint to whatever issue they wish when providing a view on corruption. Third reason for not trusting the government arises from citizens’ lived experiences with government. It recommends that the government is obsolete as well as old-fashioned and needs to be enhanced to restore trust. This distrust is a major obstruction to

Karl marx Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Karl marx - Essay Example He intended to help the readers understand the kind of pain that these classes were being placed into by the rule that had been established in France at the time, and how the dictatorship failed to notice the plight of the commoners, which further led to a pitfall in the politics as well as economy of the country. Through his writing, Marx tried to help the people to understand that even a commoner could come to terms with the entire situation and circumstance and play the rightful part of a hero by lifting the pressure that the lower classes had been engulfed into because of the rule that persisted in the country at the time. It was leading to a major deterioration in the economy’s cycle, not to forget the happiness factors of society at large. One of his most famous quotes help to provide readers of the Brumaire with Marx’s views on an individual’s life within society at the time in France. ... anxiously conjure up the spirits of the past to their service and borrow from them names, battle cries, and costumes in order to present the new scene of world history in this time-honoured disguise and language.† By this, Marx means to throw light on how the rise of Bonaparte led to a downfall of the people and how the country suffered on the basis of their societal aspects because of harsh and unfair decisions taken by a single man. This quote means that a man has a destiny to follow, and thus he must follow the path of his life with respect to the same, while creating new opportunities for himself. Most people are under the impression that whatever is in store for them will happen eventually, however a man must try and create solution for himself to live his life with ease and peace. Life throws a number of situations and circumstances towards a person during his lifetime, and these are the opportunities that a person perceives. He must have the ability to figure out on his own what must be done in a given situation because otherwise he might end up regretting and hurting himself as well as others around him. According to Marx following a set tradition laid down by ancestors was not the way by which life was meant to be lived. He writes that it is this tradition that weighs people down in the present as they are hell bent on trying to imitate the lives that their forefathers had undergone. Even though some men try and break free from such a historical presence present in their lives, they somehow fall short at the very last moment as the past catches up with them and weighs them down. A man must be strong in his will and determination to be able to live a life for himself despite whatever he must have gone through earlier, or despite whatever hardships his family

Work In Health Care Administration Essay Example for Free

Work In Health Care Administration Essay The health care field is one of constant growth and change.   As the face of health care changes, through privatization, the influence of HMOs, and individuals with doctorates of nursing practice challenging medical doctors in some fields of care, the health care profession can be a volatile place indeed.   That volatility not only increases the number of opportunities open to the health care professional, but it also makes the health care industry an exciting place to be in the upcoming decades. Available Opportunities According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2007) a total of approximately 248,000 positions were available to health care administrators in 2004.   Continued rapid growth is expected to continue until 2014 (pars. 24-25). Working as a Health Care Administrator Health care administrators have opportunities largely divided between hospitals and nursing care facilities. These facilities are classified by size.   Administrators in large facilities often have assistant administrators working as direct reports, who handle the daily decision making in their particular areas such as nursing, medical records, and so on.   Administrators of small facilities are more involved in day-to-day activities, including personnel management, admissions, and even in resident care (pars. 4-5). Necessary Education Careers in health care administration require an individual to have at least a bachelor’s degree for entry-level positions in smaller facilities (par. 19).   Larger facilities usually require a master’s degree or higher for these positions.   These same degrees may also be needed for advancing at smaller facilities. Jobs in health care administration health are often open to such individuals or individuals who have risen through the ranks of other areas in the industry and have received special training in administration tasks (par. 19). Pros and Cons Due to the expanding job market in the health care field, in large part due to the aging of the American public, many jobs will be available in the future.   Health care administrators work long hours, in part due to the around the clock nature of the field.   In addition, travel to attend meetings or to inspect other facilities might add to the number of expected work hours.   As with any job in the health care industry, this career path has the possibility of being highly stressful.   Health care administrators may or may not share an office with others of their staff (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, pars. 14-15). Salary and Benefits According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2007) the annual salaries for health care administrators range from approximately $41,000 to approximately $117,000, with a median salary of about $67,000.   This median varies between facilities and services, starting at about $60,000 for home health care services to about $87,000 for individuals who work for the Federal Government (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, par. 31). Analysis The health care industry appears to be a good one to enter during the next seven or so years.   The industry will continue to broaden with the introduction of new technology and improvements in drugs and care techniques created by interdisciplinary research.   Current health care administrators will need to continue in their educational pursuits to remain competent in the field, while the minimum educational requirements for entry-level positions may continue to climb. A career in health care administration may offer a wide variety of potential experiences for a person interested in the field, depending on the size of the facility at which he or she is employed and based on the facility placement in either the public or private sector.   While health care administration field appears to make great demands on individuals interested in working in the field, the potential for good earnings is high.   Jobs are available in many areas of specialization in health care administration, which may open the field to individuals of varied interests, strengths, and skill during years to come.   Reference Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational outlook handbook, 2006-07 Edition, Medical and Health Services Managers.   Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos014.htm

Characters in Hedda Gabler vs. Miss Julie Essay -- Compare Contrast He

"Compare and contrast the characters of Hedda Gabler and Miss Julie in the plays by Ibsen and Strindberg. Support your findings with comments on the writers attitudes to their characters." August Strindberg and Henrik Ibsen were both great playwrights of the 19th century, and both played a large role in the evolution of modern day naturalism/ realism. The plays I will be discussing are Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler, (1890) and Strindberg’s Miss Julie (1888). In Karen’s lecture on Strindberg, she told how the two playwrights were rivals in a sense, mainly caused by Strindberg’s attitudes on social issues- Namely his thoughts and theory on the role of women in society. Thus, I am lead to believe that Hedda Gabler was written by Ibsen as a direct retaliation to Strindberg’s Miss Julie, just as ...

Tkam Essay

The Story of a Novel For 50 years, Harper Lee’s novel To Kill a Mockingbird has been recognized worldwide as a classic. It has never been out of print, which is just one of the many signs that prove how imprinted into our society it is. Harper Lee changed the way readers experience the world around them, and certainly raised the bar for what should be expected from classic novels. To Kill a Mockingbird’s legacy will be everlasting, for holds a mirror up to America and shows what truly lies underneath. America has always taken pride in its detailed history, for better or for worse.Many novels have attempted to demonstrate historical events, but none have quite come close to the outstanding perspective of To Kill a Mockingbird. Readers get to see America as it was in the 1930's through the eyes of an untainted, unhindered child. As it has always been told, sadly, racism and prejudice were somewhat of a building block for the founding of this country. The audience experien ces this firsthand in the novel as Atticus Finch, a middle-aged lawyer, takes on a case in which he must defend a black man accused of raping a white woman.Circumstantially, the cause for this case would be lost; the black man would be found guilty upon being seen by the jury. As even Reverend Sykes stated, â€Å"[he] had never seen any jury decide in favor of a colored man over a white man† (279). But Atticus, an entrepreneur of his own kind, defied the accepted truth and caused the jury to ponder for hours. This was an important moment for both literature and for the well-being of America. It puts into perspective the hardships of African Americans during the 1930’s, which is not something to be taken lightly.Every society has their own mind set of what they consider to be ‘ideal. ’ For example, American’s could be loyal, truthful, and courageous; this almost perfectly describes Atticus. Even though obstacles may make his aspirations difficult, he did not stray; he kept pushing forward no matter what. Also, he is the utter definition of what the justice system, a major part of the American lifestyle, is meant to be. It is against his morals to tell anything but the whole truth, to fabricate any circumstance, and to treat any given person as anything but equal.He attempts to change the tarnished views of jury members, which could be seen as a spark for African American rights. Lastly, Atticus is the advocate for courage. As he stated himself, â€Å"[courage] is knowing you're licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what† (149). There is a slim possibility of achieving your goal, but it’s that chance that makes all the difference. He has been an inspiration and an American icon for countless amounts of people, which is one of the major reasons that have made To Kill a Mockingbird so widespread.A common factor for many classic novels is their ability to be related to. For inst ance, it would be easier for the reader to relate to a character going through turbulences in their lives than it would be the same person to relate to an old man fighting in an apocalypse. For this reason, it nears impossible to deny how much of a classic To Kill a Mockingbird is. Firstly, Scout is extremely relatable because it’s safe to say most everyone can reminisce to a time when they were innocent, naive to hardship and struggle, and curious about the adult world.One of the universal languages is youth, which is something everyone has had to go through. Second, you will seldom find a person who has not gone through a confusing, complicated period in their life. We experience this with Jem; as he grows and matures, he begins to see the world through different eyes. The only catch is his vision is blurry, which is what confuses the situation. Lastly, practically everyone has gone through a time where the difference between right and wrong is undefined.Atticus has to deci de whether to tarnish one moral or another- to lie and say Arthur Radley didn’t kill Bob Ewell, or to expose him to the world and ultimately kill a mockingbird. For 50 years, To Kill a mockingbird has been looked up to and studied by millions across America, and even across the world. It is one of few novels that can say they have never gone out of print, which is an astonishing accomplishment. Harper Lee touched the hearts of many, and showed readers what it really means to be an American. For these reasons, To Kill a Mockingbird will continue to prosper for endless generations to come.

Love Poetries Essay

Personal Advertisement I am currently in the most enjoyable stage of my life where I wish to find the best person to share it with me. I am passionate with everything I do and I wish to share that passion with someone who knows how to live a passionate life too. I am the Man in the â€Å"Love Poem† I consider myself to be the narrator in John Frederick Nims’ Love Poem because it immensely reflects my current feelings for a particular person. Nims refers to his lover as his â€Å"clumsiest dear,† (Nims, 2003, p. 67) which quite bears a resemblance on the nature of my own special someone. His subject’s palms are compared to the â€Å"bulls in china, burs in linen, / And have no cunning with any soft thing† (Nims, 2003, p. 67). This metaphor that insinuates roughness and clumsiness also reflects some of the characteristics of my lover. Being a â€Å"Misfit in any space. And never on time. † (Nims, 2003, p. 67) surely creates an image of a person entirely different than other people. He or she does not always fit in any common group of people and is expected to break most rules. However, like the narrator’s last two lines in the fourth stanza, â€Å"In traffic of wit expertly manoeuvre / And keep us, all devotion, at your knees. † (Nims, 2003, p. 67), I still find myself adoring him for his remarkable wisdom. Simply put, despite all the imperfections of this particular person, I still love him or her without any doubt. Stage of Love in â€Å"The Lover Not Taken† In Blanche Farley’s parody of Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, the woman and the blonde guy are obviously in a â€Å"getting to know† stage as suggested by the last line on the first stanza where the blond is initially referred to as â€Å"the new guy† (Farley, 1937. n. p. ). However, it is also important to consider that the relationship in this poem does not only include the woman and the blonde but also Jack whom the woman has been with for a long time. This is validated on the 3rd and 4th line of the second stanza where the narrator introduces him as, â€Å"the other, jack, had a claim / On her already . . . / He understood her. His long, lithe frame† (Farley, 1937. n. p. ). Hence, it is clear that there are two stages of love in this poem in dependence to whose relationship in the love triangle we are speaking about. Two Figurative Languages that Compares the Love in â€Å"The Lover Not Taken† The first figurative language is a metaphor that speaks of the new guy’s physical description as â€Å"smooth as a yellow wood† (Farley, 1937. n. p. ). His physical beauty is compared to that of the yellow wood which can mean several things like the end of summer or the beginning of fall which can also be considered to be nice to look at. Perhaps, it can be a literal comparison of the man’s smoothness to a smooth yellow tree. The second comparison is on the first line of the second stanza. The narrator’s statement â€Å"She liked his hair,† (Farley, 1937. n. p. ) obviously compares the superficial relationship of the woman and the blonde. If one would deeply analyze, the attraction of the woman to the blonde is too superficial or simply physical. Liking his hair and smile obviously just symbolizes her extreme lust for the blonde guy that she is actually willing to risk her long-term relationship with a complete stranger who has a beautiful smile and hair. The Lover Not Taken is Most Likely Doomed to Misery As for my opinion, guilt leads a person to misery. In this poem’s case, it is most likely for the woman’s relationship with Jack to be miserable if guilt would consume the woman’s relationship with him. Honesty and loyalty to a partner are two of the most important elements that determine the stability of a relationship. However, since this poem consists of two relationships of a particular woman; the answer would still depend on whom she would end up with. If she ends her relationship with Jack and start a new one with the blonde, there is a possible occurrence of a â€Å"happily ever after story†. On the other hand, if she stays with Jack and continues her affair with the blonde guy, it is most likely to end up in misery. The Tone of â€Å"The Lover Not Taken† By analyzing the atmosphere being suggested on the first stanza of the poem, â€Å"And, mulling it over, long she stood, / Alone on the road, loath / To leave, wanting to hide in the undergrowth. † (Farley, 1937. n. p. ), the initial seriousness of the narrator’s tone is evident. There is too much concentration on the woman’s part as she mulls over her future decision whether to have an affair with another man or not. However, the tone changed abruptly on the last two lines where she suddenly stopped contemplating on which decision to make by taking the fast way home and phoning the blonde. Setting of â€Å"The Lover Not Taken† Obviously, this poem is inspired by Robert Frost’s famous poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† which tackles the difficulty of deciding what path to choose in life. However, Farley similarly illustrates the difficulty of making decisions by pointing out a particular situation such as being torn between two lovers. Like Frost’s original piece, a person is facing a certain road pondering about a situation he or she needs to handle. By basing the setting and theme on Frost’s poem, Farley has further emphasized the central message of Frost’s poem. Since, it is inspired by Frost’s â€Å"Road Not Taken†, it is important to consider not only why it is set in that particular setting but more importantly why Farley chose Frost’s poem to communicate her own message. References Farley, B. (1937). The Lover Not Taken. Geocities. Retrieved December 3, 2008, from http://www. geocities. com/cailinliet/lover. html Nims, F. (2002). The Love Poem. Master the GED language arts, reading 2003. New Jersey: Peterson’s.

Simple Conjugations of Guérir (to Cure) in French

Simple Conjugations of Guà ©rir (to Cure) in French The action of healing is described in French by using the verb  guà ©rir. Literally meaning to cure, to heal, or to recover, it is a useful addition to your French vocabulary. Now, you just need to understand how to conjugate it. A quick lesson will demonstrate the simplest forms. Conjugating the French Verb  Guà ©rir Guà ©rir  is a  regular -IR verb, meaning it follows a relatively common conjugation pattern. When you learn the endings for this verb, they can be applied to many others, including  grandir  (to grow) and  grossir  (to grow fat). As with any French verb conjugation, begin by identifying the verb stem. For  guà ©rir, this is  guà ©r-. To this, a variety of infinitive endings is added to match the subject pronoun with the present, future, or imperfect past tense. For example, I am healing is je guà ©ris and we will cure is nous guà ©rirons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je guà ©ris guà ©rirai guà ©rissais tu guà ©ris guà ©riras guà ©rissais il guà ©rit guà ©rira guà ©rissait nous guà ©rissons guà ©rirons guà ©rissions vous guà ©rissez guà ©rirez guà ©rissiez ils guà ©rissent guà ©riront guà ©rissaient The Present Participle of  Guà ©rir Add -ant  to the verb stem of  guà ©rir  to create the  present participle  guà ©rissant. It is a verb, though, in certain contexts, it can also be used as an adjective, gerund, or noun. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © The  past participle  of  guà ©rir  is  guà ©ri. This is used along with a conjugate of the auxiliary verb  avoir  to create a common past tense in French known as the  passà © composà ©. Its rather easy to construct: I recovered becomes jai guà ©ri and we have cured is nous avons guà ©ri. More Simple  Guà ©rir  Conjugations to Learn When the action of healing, curing, or recovering is somehow questionable or uncertain, you can use the subjunctive verb mood. In a similar fashion, if the action is dependent on something else also occurring, then the conditional verb form may be used. Those two are great for casual conversation, though the passà © simple and the imperfect subjunctive are literary forms. While you may not use these yourself, its a sound idea to be able to associate them with  guà ©rir. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Passà © Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je guà ©risse guà ©rirais guà ©ris guà ©risse tu guà ©risses guà ©rirais guà ©ris guà ©risses il guà ©risse guà ©rirait guà ©rit guà ©rà ®t nous guà ©rissions guà ©ririons guà ©rà ®mes guà ©rissions vous guà ©rissiez guà ©ririez guà ©rà ®tes guà ©rissiez ils guà ©rissent guà ©riraient guà ©rirent guà ©rissent To express  guà ©rir  in short requests and demands, the imperative verb mood is used. For this, theres no need to include the subject pronoun, so tu guà ©ris can be simplified to guà ©ris. Imperative (tu) guà ©ris (nous) guà ©rissons (vous) guà ©rissez

Nothing wrong with Hopefully as Modal Adjunct

Nothing wrong with Hopefully as Modal Adjunct Nothing wrong with Hopefully as Modal Adjunct Nothing wrong with Hopefully as Modal Adjunct By Maeve Maddox My 2009 edition of the Associated Press Stylebook has this to say about hopefully: It means in a hopeful manner. Do not use it to mean it is hoped, let us hope or we hope. The 2012 edition of the AP Stylebook reverses that dictum. Professional writers who follow that guide may now use the word to mean â€Å"it is hoped,† â€Å"we hope† and â€Å"let us hope† without opprobrium. It’s gratifying that AP has finally acknowledged that hopefully can be used as a modal adjunct as well as a manner adjunctespecially as English speakers have been using it that way for at least eighty years. Used as a â€Å"manner adjunct,† an adverb answers the question â€Å"how?† about a verb, as in â€Å"He saw her clearly.† Used as a â€Å"modal adjunct,† an adverb modifies the entire sentence, as in â€Å"Clearly, he saw her at the coffee shop.† Here the word doesn’t tell â€Å"how† he saw, but thatwithout any doubthe saw her. Because the AP change of attitude has stirred such fury among so many, I wanted to see what Fowler had to say about hopefully in his landmark work Modern English, published in 1926. He had nothing to say about hopefully, but plenty about the misuse of the verb hope. Hopefully is absent also from Horwill’s Modern American Usage (OUP, 1935). According to an article by Geoffrey Pullum in the Chronicle of Higher Education, usage specialist Wilson Follett (1886-1963) started the trouble with hopefully, calling its modal use â€Å"unEnglish and eccentric.† Although Strunk had made no mention of the despicable use of hopefully in the original version of Elements of Style, and although editor and expander E.B. White did not think to include it in his 1959 revision, he inserted it with an emotional note in the 1972 revision: Such use is not merely wrong, it is silly. it offends the ear of manywho do not like to see words dulled or eroded, particularly when the erosion leads to ambiguity, softness, or nonsense. I suspect that this testy note in the over-venerated Elements has had a lot to do with spreading Follett’s prejudice. William Safire, who wrote a respected column on language for the NY Times Magazine from 1979 until his death in 2009, at first rejected, but then accepted the modal use of hopefully; he was called â€Å"a lousy quitter† for his trouble. Both the OED and Merriam-Webster include definitions for the modal use of hopefully. The earliest recorded use in the OED is dated 1932; M-W notes that an 18th century (1702) example has been found in a book written by Cotton Mather. OED warns that â€Å"many writers avoid it.† M-W says that the word still has â€Å"a few die-hard critics,† but concludes that â€Å"most usage commentators have by now come to realize that it is entirely standard.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Compared "to" or Compared "with"?3 Cases of Complicated HyphenationEpidemic vs. Pandemic vs. Endemic

Florida Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Florida - Research Paper Example The hottest temperature (43 C) occurred on June 29, 1931 in Monticello1, while the coldest occurred on February 13, 1899 25 miles away in Tallahassee1. Average temperatures for late July is between 32-35 C, whereas average temperatures for late January is between (4-7C) in northern Florida to averagely 13C in southern Florida1. In 2007, Florida's population was 18,251,2434. The population increases by 321, 647 or 1.8% from 2005. Florida is expanding by an average of 26,803 every month, 6700 every week and 975 on a daily basis5. Additionally, Florida is the third-fastest-growing state5. However, in 2000 the Germans possesses 11.8% of Florida's population, the Irish 10.3%, the English 9.2%, the Americans 8%, the Italian 6.3%, the French 2.8%, the Polish 2.7% and the Scottish 1.8%6. In 2000 76.91% of the residents age 5 and older only spoke English at home as their primary language; whereas 16.46% spoke Spanish and French-based creole languages was communicated between 1.38% of the population7. Moreover, French was spoken by 0.83%, G3erman by 0.59% and Italian at 0.44% of all residents7. The public education system of Florida researched that over 200 first languages other than English is spoken in the homes of students. Religion The main religion is Christian (81% of the population), followed by Jewish (4%) and 1% believe in other religions while 14% are non-religious1. Economy The GDP of Florida reached $713.5 billion in 2006, making it the fourth largest economy in the United States8. Personal income arrived at $36,665, thus ranking the 20th9. This is largely created by high tourism levels. Warm weather and many beaches draw about 60 million tourists every year1. The second largest industry is created by agriculture; especially due to producing citrus fruit. In fact it produces 67% of all citrus in the US in 200610. The third largest industry is formed by phosphate mining. It produces 75% of phosphate required by farmers in United States and 25% of the world supply11. Opa-locka Opa-locka is a 4.5 square miles12 city resided in Miami-Dade County, Florida. 4.3 square miles of it is land while 0.1 square miles is water12. Moreover, the population in 2000 reached 14,951 and has increased to 15, 327 in 200413. The city was developed by Glenn Curtis and the name "Opa-locka" is a contraction of "Opa-tisha-woka-locka", which means "The high land north of the little river on which there is a camping place"14. Demographics In 2000 there were 14,951 people, 4890 households and 3,437 families living in the city15. The city contains of 22.83% White (3.1% Non-Hispanic Whites), 69.64% Black or African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 3.6% other races and 3.35% from two or more races16. Out of the 4890 households, 41.2% of them had children under the age of 18 residing with them, 28.4% were married couples living together, 35.2% were female householder with no husband and 29.7% had no families1. Regularly, the household size was 2.97, whereas the average family size was 3.521. The total population is constructed of 34.6% under the age of 18, 12.3% from the age of 18 until 24, 26.8% from the age of 25 until 44, 17,7% were between 45 and 64 years of age

Nature of Justice in the Soul and State Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nature of Justice in the Soul and State - Essay Example On a personal view, the definition of justice can be logical based on the fact that the three components of the soul can greatly affect the concept of justice. There is only one question in terms of the fact that reason, spirit and appetite can be considered as subjective or personal. This had been answered in the view that the soul is the microcosm of the state. Due to the fact that soul is hard to analyze, the corresponding events in the state can be studied to be able to understand the soul (Republic 436b8–9). With this analogy, it had been considered that by managing the state well, the soul can achieve happiness. For example, the part of the soul, reason is mainly interested in knowledge. In the state, reason corresponds to philosophers who have the virtue of wisdom. Honor is the main interest of the spirit and is possessed by the warriors who have the virtue of courage. Desire, which is the third component of the soul, can be equated to the commoners since the main inter est is to achieve pleasures. They have the virtue of temperance (Republic 415a-433e). Looking through the different virtues, justice cannot be found. The main view of Plato is that justice can be found in all of the classes in the society, although each one may have different perception of the concept. In the dialogue, different individuals gave their opinions which all had logical points. Cephalus said that justice is about telling the truth and repaying debts, but Socrates pointed out that it can be true but not at all times or situations (Republic 331c). Polemarchus on the other had said that justice is â€Å"giving to each what is owed† but Socrates pointed out that this can alienate the people who had done crimes which can lead to more crimes or wrong doings (Republic 335d). Every speaker in the dialogue had a point specifically Socrates. The other speakers were concerned about the application of the definition of justice to their own field but Socrates was able to prese nt the different sides on a general term. The bottom line in the view of justice, based on the reading then, is that justice does not consider sides, perspectives, virtues, or other elements in the social structure that people deemed important. The main reason for this is impartiality. Plato is right soul and state are the main ground where the rules of justice will be applied. In this case, it is subjective to begin with. There is never an absolute right or an absolute wrong. The view that Plato perceived justice to be in all the classes and all the components of the soul is his own version of impartiality. No matter how he deemed that the philosophers’ roles in the society are the most important in all classes, he still believed that justice can be achieved by the commoners. 2. Characteristics of a Good Citizen and the Possibility of Utopian State There are different definitions of the term citizen depending on the philosophers or the context. Based on Plato’s view i n the Republic, a good citizen participates and contributes to the achievement of the goals of the state. He expressed in his work that the people who participates in governance are the citizen. For the Utopian society, he citizens are the philosophers, while the others are the people being led and ruled over. Plato’s philosophy on good citizen and even the existence of people revolve around the political concepts (Republic 415a-433e). Thoreau described good citizens as active people with goals

Intercultural public relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Intercultural public relations - Essay Example This has forced the field of public relation to device ways on how to deal with this problem and several theories or ways have been formed as guidelines on dealing with the issue of intercultural public relations1. This paper will try to look into detail how the intercultural public relation problem has been addressed by different theories and how these theories differ and their similarities, it will look at the importance of studying intercultural public relations. One of the theories of intercultural public relations is the cross-cultural adaptation that was brought forward by Robert Park, in this model he identified four steps in this theory that people have to undergo. The first step is the contact step where the individual is exposed to another culture; this is followed by competition where the two different cultures compete against each other. Thirdly, this is where the less dominant culture learns to accommodate the cultural aspects of the dominant one and finally he is assimi lated into the group and he learns to assimilate other members. One of the theories under this is epistemology where an individual acquires communicational skills from the dominant culture and his own way of thinking is transformed in to that of the host2. In another dimension, the public influence model that is mainly practised in countries that are hierarchical in nature such as India and in Africa, however in other countries such as the United States of America it is practised in minimal levels. In this case, public relation is not with respect to the larger community or a group, rather it is with people of a higher social class or those with influence. This is where people with more personal influence are likely to achieve their goals or higher levels of success. Dialogic method is another way in which intercultural public relations can be viewed; this is where the organisation and the public that it is addressing are viewed as equal partners. In this model, all people are broug ht on board in the decisions of the organisation. As the name suggests, it involves dialogue between an organisation and the public without bias or prejudice and it appreciates the opinions and personal worth of every stakeholder of the organisation. This method involves admitting when one party is wrong, empathising and allowing the decisions made collectively to change the way things are done, it aims at building strong and long lasting relationships in the process of doing business. In working with this model a lot of interpersonal and intercultural communication skills are required and a genuine concern for people and it is not dictated by pre mediated rules and regulations. Due to the diversity of individual and stakeholder in different sectors, understanding of their varied and different cultural backgrounds helps in knowing how to deal with them. Genre approach to intercultural public relations in this case helps public relation researcher or theorist to understand the variou s cultural backgrounds and communication styles and not merely trying to feed information that an organisation wants the public to know3. An intercultural public relation expert should engage in six activities that include identifying the special characteristics of the situation or culture, identifying the intended effects on the audience, clarifying the motivational intention of the organisatio

The disintegration of religion

The disintegration of religion The disintegration of religion Secularism is understood as the disintegration of religion from democratic process of a state. In our society, social, political and economical values and decisions are highly integrated and, more often than not, are created and based around a backbone of theology and religion. It is because of this structure that secularism cannot be a functional element of the western world. For the purpose of this paper I will concentrate on Americas continued infatuation with religion and religious practices. To be more specific on Secularism in the western world I want to concentrate on America to be able to expand and fully understand the close ties that exists between Americas government and the religious right. American economic and social policies have created a sort of free market when it comes to its citizens desire for religious choice. Since there is a large variety of religions within the United States, it is only natural for people to be interested in what these different denominations have to offer and if these offerings appeal to them. According to Anderson, the amount and intensity of religiosity a culture exhibits depend on the quality and quantity of religion available. (Anderson) The ease of accessibility of religion in America can thus be perceived as the flood of religion, and when religious becomes pluralistic it also becomes more active, energetic and integrated into peoples lives. It is important to recognize the dominance of religious belief in America to fully understand the integration of religious ideas and practices into democratic decisions. Upward of 60 percent of Americans (nearly thrice the European percentage) claim that religion plays a very important role in their daily lives, and more than 80 percent of Americans profess belief in God. (Anderson) If there is such a high percentage of Americans claiming that religion plays a direct role in their daily lives, the heavy incorporation of religion into democratic procedures and decisions comes as no shock. With many Americans using religion to help them make decisions on a day to day basis through their interaction with others it is difficult to persuade them to disintegrate Church and State. The United States has more religious institutions per capita than any other nation on Earth. With religion being so profoundly integrated into American society, it follows that religion must also play a key role in their democratic and social practices. The general opinion is that government in the United States can be separate from its members religious views. Although this seems like an ideal situation for governing a state of many people, this is not reality. American foreign and domestic laws are put in place in an attempt to halt perceived evil doings. These perceptions are created and bestowed into our minds because of our individual religious beliefs. These evil doings are understood and thought as being evil because of some sort of religious connotation and backbone of belief that the acts that these laws are restricting are bad. A large reason why people look for religious truth is to reinforce some form of good, or light at the end of the tunnel. The notion of good and evil comes from the issue of human morality and human morality steams from some sort of religious belief. Religion is now the most powerful predictor of party identification and partisan voting intention. (Anderson) American political parties are shaping the message they convey to their people based on what these people want to hear. When people of a state are told what must be done in order to achieve and create a better country for its citizens they are expecting to hear what they, themselves would do in particular situations that arise when governing a country. In order for political parties to gain confidence from their projected voting populous they must present their arguments for change in ways their voters can agree and rejoice upon. With the majority of Republican supporters commencing from Christian faith it is a matter of excellent political strategy to completely integrate your potential governmental policies around that of the Christian faith, to also have party leaders who are committed Christians themselves, and to show and promote an agenda of Political change according t o the doctrines of that religious faith. Through polling, it has become evident that Republican supporters throughout the United States are heavily involved in religious practices. Many believe that the Republication Party is becoming an extension of the Religious Right in the United States. The Republican Party, its members and its followers all share a similar religious view, and many consider the Party to have a faith-based initiative and agenda for the American people. This integration of beliefs between Party and people is essential to the Partys political success. The Partys views on domestic and foreign policy are fueled by these similar beliefs that they share with their devoted followers, which are rooted directly within religion. Even through present modernization of the world, its understanding how things work, and advances in modern science, American political parties, government, and social organizations are holding onto their devoted religious values and stick to their known right of religious practice. Americ an secularists must face the fact that most U.S. citizens believe in God (Stout). These people are going to elect representatives that they believe have the ability and willpower to protect the constitutional rights as fellow believers and to also act on those beliefs as deemed necessary. During the American year 2000 election, four out of every ten votes George W. Bush received were from Christian voters. This is a very significant amount of votes when understanding the impact they have to decide the winner of an election. The interests of a religious group can be taken care of when one can ensure the candidate is willing to push Christian values and gets voted in through the power of numbers. Amongst American voters, white Evangelical people now make up nearly two thirds of American registered voters. (Anderson) Through the power of election, these religious conservatives shape the way American society interacts with itself and dictates Americas foreign policy through a very specific religious agenda. American views on family life, charity, correctional facilities, drug laws, welfare, etc. are all fueled by the backbone that the country has in its administrations present and past religious integrations. The hidden shadow of religious belief surrounding all aspects o f American life acts to quietly regulate their national and domestic agenda with an attempt to avoid a backlash from non-believers. These actions have the approval and they resonate with many American peoples, (though they horrify countless secular, relativistic American and European peoples), with the power of democracy; majority wins. In European countries there is a trend shifting away from the integration of Church, people, and State as many people in these countries are now removed from their religious constraints. It is believed that the push towards modernity in a state brings about secularist changes. This is most noticeable in European countries where attendance at religious services is declining considerably. Religious organizations within Europe are seeing a decline in attendance, an increase in the median age of believers, and indifference in beliefs. Almost all of Western Europes spiritual existence now conveys the sagacity of collapse and lack of interest. Young Europeans are apt to a more individualistic and secular approach in their daily lives and this is reflected in their social, democratic, and economic views, which can be directly correlated with their dealings- not only domestically but abroad as well. If the modernity of Western European countries is pushing social and democratic views towards a more secular state, then why has this not occurred within the United States and the rest of the western world? If modernity inevitably brings secularism, a disenchantment of the world, then how is it that the United States-the modern nation par excellence-is so religious? (Anderson) The European modernity movement has fashioned a division of church and state, while the modernization of the Unites States has brought about very heavy integration of Church and State, thereby further uniting religion and democracy in solitary. With the continued integration of religious beliefs into American Politics, many around the world are concerned over where the American political agenda is headed in terms of foreign relations and policy. There is a thought that the fundamentalist views located within American politics are slowly hijacking the United States and their state of being. With modern science being so integrated into peoples lives it is startling to believe how many Americans believe perceived absolute religious truth over scientific evidence and testimony Three times as many Americans believe in the Virgin Birth as in Evolution. (Anderson) Many believe that Americas foreign policy during the Bush administration was fueled by a religious agenda. Forcing the religious nature of the United States and their Christian values on whomever they see as different and less superior has been seen in many instances throughout the Bush administrations term in office. Americas crusade in the Muslim world is seen as a push of their religious views on people whom they see as different and with less superior religious conclusions; this is all said to be masked by a war on terror. Many believe that this religious crusade coul d also push the United States to cut its foreign aid to countries that use the acquired assistance in ways that may not be religiously accepted at home, i.e. to hand out birth control to its citizens. On the other hand there are various specific historical instances where true change would not have been able to come about had secularist views been followed, for example the South African triumph over apartheid and the Polish triumph over Soviet oppression. (Stout) If during the African triumph over apartheid Nelson Mandela had taken a secular stance against the apartheid then he would have not gained the support of African and World Churches. If during the Polish triumph religious intervention did not exist then Poland would be at a standstill and a dead end. In these instances the integration of Church and State is very important and helped break constraining and persecuting road blocks. The integration of Church and State within the United States dictates how America interacts with other nations, and with other nations focusing on becoming more secular by disintegrating Church and State foreign relations between America and many countries is being severely tainted. Understanding the implications of a secular world living with a very non-secular United States is very important when understanding and contemplating the correction of foreign relationships throughout the world. Secularism is understood as the disintegration of religion from democratic process of a state. In America, social and political standards are greatly incorporated, shaped and implemented based around a composition of theology and religion. It is because of this very integrated structure that secularism is not a practical component of the western world, more particularly in the United States of America. Democratic secularists in America face a very difficult predicament and when they take their opinions, attempt to act on them through action, they are likely to fall short when attempted to be fully put into use. True secularists in America seem to lack strategy and their means have no end, and that at the crucial point in the argument, everything becomes vague (Stout).

Witchcraft and the Inquisition of the Catholic Church Essay -- Essays

Witchcraft and the Inquisition of the Catholic Church Witchcraft. The word in itself evokes a certain kind of eeriness. In past centuries, people who were accused of being witches were thought of to be the worst kinds of people there are. There were several kinds of witches and several ways in which they operated. Whatever the reason, the Catholic Church saw witches, or those accused of being witches, as sinful. Partly to stop this kind of sin and other forms, the Inquisition of the Catholic Church was implemented. It is important to know what the factors leading up to the Inquisition included to fully understand its implementation. Once the history is reviewed it is easy to see how the Faith of the Church and the reason behind its thinking were hand-in-hand at the time, and also the way in which they seemingly conflict today. There are many factors leading up to the establishment of the Inquisition by the Catholic Church. One of the main factors is the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe. A symbol of these emerging ages is Pope Gerbert of the year 1000. Although he was a Pope, he was learned in algebra, and because of his knowledge he was considered somewhat of a wizard. He once wrote to a friend in Italy asking for secular books written in Latin. He instructs the friend to make sure the books are "procured quietly." (Nickerson 12) . Nickerson feels that this makes Gerbert a symbol of his times because it is out of similar knowledge that the Medieval times arise. Around the same time, the Normans were conquering England, the Church begins to have a common purpose, and the First Crusade begins. Although the Church was secure in its universality, two groups, the Albigensians and Waldensians emerged, each with very di... ...ured endlessly. Finally, all people were allowed to believe what they wanted to believe. Faith and reason were in harmony. Bibliography Books James B. Given, Inquisition and Medieval Society; Power, Discipline, and Resistance in Languedoc. (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997). Hoffman Nickerson, The Inquisition: A Political and Military Study of its Establishment. (Port Washington, NY.: Kennkiat Press, Inc., 1968). Mary Elizabeth Perry, and Anne J. Cruz, Cultural Encounters: The Impact of the Inquisition in Spain and the NewWorld. (Berkeley, CA.: University of California Press:, 1991). Albert C. Shannon, O.S.A., The Medieval Inquisition. (Collegeville, Minnesota: Liturgical Press, 1991). Internet Sources Hilgers, Joseph. "Index of Prohibited Books." The Catholic Encyclopedia.URL:

Kant and Categorical Imperatives Essay

In order to evaluate one’s actions whether they are moral or not, we use many moral dilemmas. One of them is Kant’s categorical imperative. This essay presents Kant’s project of categorical imperative. Then, I will explain that rulers should appeal to Kant’s categorical imperative when making foreign policy decision. In order to support my point of view, I will give importance to the reasons of why rulers appeal to categorical imperative when making foreign policy, so I have two reasons for this. One of them is that states depend on each other in economically and politically. Thus, in order to provide this stability which means that continue to stay among other states, states should act through the principles of categorical imperative which are universally valid, good intention and never using people or other states as means to end. The second reason is that if rulers appeal to categorical imperative when making foreign policy decisions, the world can be more peaceful. Since, wars and conflicts which are caused by bad intention, using other people or states as means for gaining advantages which are not universally valid can be hindered by categorical imperatives. Finally, I will conclude that the Kant’s categorical imperatives are still valid and necessary when rulers are making foreign policy decisions. If we explain briefly Kant’s categorical imperative, there are basically three principles that represent it. These are universal law, ends as a means and the importance of intention in conducting of human behaviour. Firstly, according to Kant, one’s action should be universally valid. Universal validity means that people should think behaviours and they need to judge their own behaviours or actions are morally acceptable or not. When you think of your behaviour, if you decide that everyone acts in the same way with me, then the action become universal and moral. The second principle of categorical imperative is that people must respect others and never use them for achieving some goals. Lastly, the third but the most important criterion of categorical imperative is maxim, which means intention. Moral value is determined by the intention of people, which is called general maxim. If your intention is good, then your action is moral. The consequences of your action are not important, the most important thing is your intention. For this reason, being moral in your actions depends on the universal validity. However, it does not matter that how your actions conclude on others whether they are good or bad. In order to explain the first reason of why rulers should appeal to categorical imperative when making foreign policy decisions, we can think about the growing trade between the states. States become more interdependent when trades among various states expand. Interdependence is not only important economically but also politically because all economic or business activity depends on political positions of the states. When states trade between each other, they become mutually dependent on each other’s political advantages. Also, world markets are influenced by politics and state’s power in the world markets depends on its foreign policy. So, states should establish good relations with other states. For this reason, when making foreign policy decisions, ruler should appeal to categorical imperative. Firstly, rulers’ actions must be universally valid. If state’s foreign decisions are internally valid, then state cannot benefit from this politically and economically. For example, if the state decide to change the price of its export goods up without approval of other states, then states could not sell its goods whose price increase, because other states want to buy the same goods from another country whose price is cheaper. Second point is that if state’s intention is bad and this kind of intention is understood by other states, this state is reproached by other states, which have a relation with this state. As a result of this, the state that is reproached becomes alone in the world market and world policy without any advantage both politically and economically. Because of that, states should have a good intention when they have relations with other states. The second reason is that principles of categorical imperative can provide peace and order if rulers appeal to them when making foreign policy decisions. Since, states start to think universally while acting toward other states instead of being self-interested. Moreover, acting with good intentions and not using people or other states as means provide justice and order in the world. Since, each state wants to be powerful and they try to get more power than other states. It means that in order to reach their aims, they simply can use other foreign policy actors as tools. In other words, they can use other states as a means to their ends. As a result of this kind of action, war between states is inevitable. It is because when one state can act in that way toward others then, other states also act in similar way. For this reason, their interests can be probably conflicted and chaos in world politics can arise. However, if states take into account the principles of categorical imperative, there will be probably no conflict or chaos in the world politics. In conclusion, when the principles of categorical imperative are concerned, we easily realise that they depend on each other and they help us to evaluate the actions, which are moral. These principles of categorical imperative have the same goal that is being moral. For to be moral, the actions should be universal and should not have the aim of using others in order to gain advantages. If rulers conduct through the principles of categorical imperative then, it is obvious that the world would be more peaceful and fair. However, these obligations are not put into practise in today’s world politics. But, it is enough to know that categorical imperative is still valid and is necessary to apply to today’s conditions of foreign policy.